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1 .管幕工法簡介

2.小口徑鎖扣管幕施工方法

 小口(kou)徑鎖扣管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)工(gong)法(fa)采(cai)用(yong)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)出土套(tao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)跟進(jin)工(gong)藝進(jin)行(xing)施(shi)工(gong)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)作(zuo)為套(tao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，內部安裝(zhuang)帶有專門鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)的(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)桿。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)機提供(gong)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)桿的(de)(de)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉動力和(he)套(tao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)頂推(tui)力。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)機頂進(jin)時，螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)桿向鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)傳遞鉆(zhan)(zhan)壓和(he)扭矩(ju)切削(xue)土層，并將(jiang)鉆(zhan)(zhan)渣由(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內螺(luo)(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)排到孔(kong)(kong)口(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外(wai)。邊頂進(jin)、邊切削(xue)、邊出渣，將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)逐段(duan)向前(qian)頂進(jin)。每根鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)兩側均焊接有提供(gong)下(xia)一(yi)孔(kong)(kong)位(wei)(wei)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)滑(hua)行(xing)并卡位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)軌道即(ji)鎖扣。后(hou)續(xu)孔(kong)(kong)位(wei)(wei)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與相鄰(lin)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)鎖扣咬合頂進(jin)，在鎖扣的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)橫向扣接，在開挖(wa)線外(wai)形成縱向成梁、橫向成拱的(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)帷幕(mu)。為開挖(wa)作(zuo)業提供(gong)了可靠的(de)(de)保護。另(ling)外(wai)，為了確保鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)頂進(jin)精(jing)度(du)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)第一(yi)根孔(kong)(kong)作(zuo)為標準孔(kong)(kong)，標準孔(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)精(jing)度(du)決定了整個管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)幕(mu)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)精(jing)度(du)。因此，標準孔(kong)(kong)頂進(jin)時要全程(cheng)進(jin)行(xing)嚴(yan)格(ge)地光學測量偏差，如有偏差隨時進(jin)行(xing)糾偏。若標準孔(kong)(kong)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)基本(ben)處(chu)于(yu)正(zheng)常(chang)的(de)(de)設計位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)，后(hou)續(xu)孔(kong)(kong)位(wei)(wei)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)精(jing)度(du)就有了保證。標準孔(kong)(kong)完成后(hou)，采(cai)用(yong)“面向角導向方(fang)法”可高精度、高效地(di)進行管幕的后續孔(kong)位鋼管的頂進。

3.小口徑鎖扣管幕施工流程

4. 小口徑鎖扣管幕施工特點

⑴螺旋出土套管跟進工藝避免了地層的變形

螺(luo)旋出土(tu)(tu)套管(guan)跟進(jin)工(gong)藝在一定程度上(shang)可以避(bi)免(mian)地(di)(di)層(ceng)的(de)變形(xing)。管(guan)幕(mu)施工(gong)時(shi)(shi)，管(guan)幕(mu)機提供螺(luo)旋鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿的(de)旋轉動力和套管(guan)的(de)頂(ding)推力。管(guan)幕(mu)機頂(ding)進(jin)時(shi)(shi)，螺(luo)旋鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿向鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭傳遞鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)壓和扭矩切(qie)削土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)，并將鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)渣由管(guan)內螺(luo)旋排(pai)到孔口管(guan)外。鋼(gang)管(guan)頂(ding)進(jin)過程中，調整頂(ding)進(jin)速度控制螺(luo)旋出土(tu)(tu)量(liang)，確(que)保實(shi)際出土(tu)(tu)量(liang)≤計算(suan)出土(tu)(tu)量(liang)，適當對地(di)(di)層(ceng)進(jin)行擠密，減少對地(di)(di)層(ceng)的(de)擾(rao)動，保證(zheng)鋼(gang)管(guan)頂(ding)進(jin)、土(tu)(tu)體切(qie)削、出渣的(de)同步(bu)進(jin)行。

實際施工(gong)中(zhong)，我們會根據實際地層(ceng)情況及(ji)施工(gong)要(yao)求采用(yong)不同尺寸的鎖扣(kou)尺寸。鎖扣(kou)尺寸指的是(shi)公扣(kou)或(huo)母(mu)扣(kou)上邊緣與下邊緣的距(ju)離，當(dang)鎖扣(kou)尺寸較(jiao)大時，公扣(kou)及(ji)母(mu)扣(kou)的上下邊緣越(yue)接(jie)(jie)近鋼(gang)管的上下兩(liang)端，此時，相鄰鋼(gang)管之間(jian)的約束力越(yue)大，連接(jie)(jie)強度較(jiao)高，在實際的施工(gong)實踐中(zhong)常(chang)采用(yong)此方法增加管幕鋼(gang)管連接(jie)(jie)強度。

⑶面向角導向方法能大幅提高控制精度

  精度(du)控(kong)制是鎖扣管幕的施(shi)工(gong)難點之一。鋼管頂進(jin)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，施(shi)工(gong)鋼管與(yu)成孔鋼管鎖扣間存在一定的偏轉間隙(xi)。該偏轉(zhuan)間隙(xi)的存在可使得施工鋼(gang)管易發生偏(pian)轉(zhuan)，施工鋼(gang)管的位(wei)置(zhi)與設(she)計位(wei)置(zhi)發生偏(pian)差，公母鎖扣(kou)(kou)之間發生相互作用力，若(ruo)不(bu)及時糾(jiu)正，可能會發生侵(qin)線(xian)、公母扣(kou)(kou)脫扣(kou)(kou)等現象。小口徑鎖扣(kou)(kou)管幕(mu)施工方法采用面(mian)向角導向方法及時進(jin)行角度(du)糾(jiu)偏(pian)，確保鋼(gang)管頂進(jin)精(jing)度(du)。

所(suo)謂面(mian)向(xiang)(xiang)角(jiao)導向(xiang)(xiang)是(shi)采用(yong)導向(xiang)(xiang)設(she)備對鋼(gang)管(guan)頂進(jin)(jin)進(jin)(jin)行預導向(xiang)(xiang)或預控制(zhi)，根據成孔鋼(gang)管(guan)的面(mian)向(xiang)(xiang)角(jiao)及(ji)傾角(jiao)變化情況，對施(shi)工鋼(gang)管(guan)的角(jiao)度(du)及(ji)方(fang)位(wei)(wei)變化進(jin)(jin)行判斷和定位(wei)(wei)。若(ruo)需要施(shi)工鋼(gang)管(guan)逆時(shi)針偏(pian)(pian)轉，使(shi)則應及(ji)時(shi)在鎖扣(kou)位(wei)(wei)置處加(jia)墊塊，以阻止其順時(shi)針偏(pian)(pian)轉。采用(yong)此方(fang)法，可提高(gao)整個(ge)(ge)施(shi)工的控制(zhi)精度(du)，保證相鄰鋼(gang)管(guan)間的鎖扣(kou)咬合及(ji)整個(ge)(ge)管(guan)幕鋼(gang)管(guan)的打設(she)精度(du)，避免侵(qin)線事故的發生。

⑷長短程結合的管幕機提高了施工效率

  小口徑鎖扣管(guan)幕采用長短程結(jie)合的專利設備(bei)SE-GMJ-1200 螺旋(xuan)出土跟管頂進(jin)管幕機施工（見圖(tu)7）。管幕(mu)鉆(zhan)機設有(you)短行(xing)程(cheng)的(de)頂(ding)推油缸及長行(xing)程(cheng)的(de)傳動(dong)馬達、傳動(dong)鏈條，可實現管幕(mu)鋼管的(de)快速頂(ding)進及機頭的(de)快速回拖，二者有(you)效結合，提高了施工工效。